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混淆效应

作　者: 苏龙嘎
导　师: 林文治
学　校: 西南大学
专　业: 外国语言学及应用语言学
关键词: 混淆效应语际共性语音中国大学英语学习者第二语言习得
分类号: H319
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2010年
下　载: 64次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

在早期的二语语音习得研究领域,研究者普遍认为语际间的语音差异是造成第二语言学习者学习目的语语音困难的主要原因,主张有差异就会有难度。但后来越来越多的批评指向语音对比研究,怀疑语音对比分析对学习者语音错误的预测不准确,有些研究者转变了研究视角,从其反方向来继续探索此问题,认为相对于语际语音差异,语际间的语音相似性在学习者语音学习中引起的困难可能更大。相继便有大量的实证研究证实了此说法。但是已有的研究对语际语音相似性在学习者语音习得中的影响的描述还过于笼统。目前还不确定不同类型的语际相似性是怎么独立及交互地影响二语学习者语音习得的,特别是在中国的二语学习者身上是怎么体现的。因此,本研究考察了英汉语音相似性对中国大学英语学习者语音习得的影响。首先,作者提出了混淆效应的概念,指由英汉语际语音相似性造成的一些语音习得困难。然后,从外因(实际的英汉语音相似度)和内因(学习者认为的英汉语音相似度)两方面分析了实际的英汉语音相似度和中国学习者认为英汉语音相似度对中国大学英语学习者语音成绩的独立及交互作用。2009年10月,来自西南大学文学院的50名大二的学生参与了本研究,其中数据有效的受试为29名。数据的收集主要来自于自行设计的2个问卷和1个英语语音测试卷。研究结果显示实际的英汉语音相似度和中国学习者自我判断的英汉语音相似度对中国大学生英语语音习得有独立及交互作用。比起实际不相似的音组,学习者更容易发错实际相似的音组。而相对于学习者认为不相似的音组,学习者更容易在他们认为相似的音组上犯错。当学习者认为的英汉语音相似度为不相似,他们更倾向于在实际相似的音组上犯错,而当实际语音相似度为不相似,学习者更容易在他们自认为相似的音组上犯错。本研究的结果对外语教学有一定的启示意义。研究结果表明,一方面,教师在实际的语音教学中要注意调整教学方法,正确影响学生对英汉语际距离的判断。另一方面,学生在学习英语语音时也要多注意辨别相似度较高的英汉语音音组从而避免混淆效应的产生及影响。

全文目录

Acknowledgements  5-9
List of Tables and Figures  9-10
Abstract  10-12
内容摘要  12-14
Chapter One Introduction  14-16
  1.1 Research Orientation  14-15
  1.2 Rationale for Research  15-16
Chapter Two Literature Review  16-27
  2.1 Theories Related to L2 Phonology  16-19
    2.1.1 Moderate Contrastive Analysis  16-17
    2.1.2 Speech Learning Model (SLM)  17-19
  2.2 Previous Studies on L2 Phonology Abroad  19-23
    2.2.1 Studies on Cross-linguistic Phonological Differences  19-21
    2.2.2 Studies on Cross-linguistic Phonological Similarities  21-23
      2.2.2.1 Different Types of Cross-linguistic Similarities  21-22
      2.2.2.2 Studies on Cross-linguistic Phonological Similarity  22-23
  2.3 Previous Studies on L2 Phonology in China  23-25
  2.4 Limitations of Previous Studies  25-27
Chapter Three Research Question, Hypothesis, and Method  27-39
  3.1 Research Question  27-28
  3.2 Hypothesis  28
  3.3 Method  28-34
    3.3.1 Subjects  28-29
    3.3.2 Materials  29-31
      3.3.2.1 Learners'Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese  29-30
      3.3.2.2 Experts'Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese  30-31
      3.3.2.3 Learners' English Pronunciation Test  31
      3.3.2.4 English Proficiency Test  31
    3.3.3 Procedure  31-34
      3.3.3.1 Administering English Proficiency Test  32
      3.3.3.2 Surveying Learners' Judgment on Similarity of English and Chinese Phonology  32
      3.3.3.3 Surveying Experts' Judgment on Similarity of English and Chinese Phonology  32-33
      3.3.3.4 Administering Learners'English Pronunciation Test  33-34
  3.4 Methods for Data Collection and Analysis  34-39
    3.4.1 Data Collection Methods  34-37
    3.4.2 Statistic Analysis Methods  37-39
Chapter Four Results and Discussion  39-49
  4.1 Results  39-47
    4.1.1 Reliability of Self-designed Questionnaires and Pronunciation Test  39-41
    4.1.2 Two-way Between-subjects ANOVA  41-47
  4.2 Discussion  47-49
    4.2.1 Main Effects of Objective Similarity and Perceived Similarity of English and Chinese Phonology  47-48
    4.2.2 Interaction Between Objective Similarity and Perceived Similarity of English and Chinese Phonology  48-49
Chapter Five Conclusion  49-53
  5.1 Findings  49-50
  5.2 Implications  50-51
  5.3 Limitations  51-53
References  53-57
Appendix A College English Test Band 4 (June,2009)  57-71
Appendix B Criteria for Scoring CET-4 Compositions  71-72
Appendix C Learners'Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese (LAPSEC)  72-76
Appendix D Experts' Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese (EAPSEC)  76-80
Appendix E Learners' English Pronunciation Test (Interlocutor Version)  80-82
Appendix F Learners' English Pronunciation Test (Student Version)  82-83
Appendix G Interlocutor Training for ESL Phonological Testing  83-85
Appendix H Training Judges for ESL Phonological Scoring  85-87
Appendix I Subjects' Raw Scores by Three Raters for English Compositions  87-88
Appendix J Subjects' Raw Scores of English Proficiency Test  88-89
Appendix K Raw and Mean Scores of Experts' Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese  89-92
Appendix L Raw and Mean Scores of Learners' Assessment of Phonological Similarity between English and Chinese  92-102
Appendix M Two Levels of Objective and Learners' Perceived Phonological Similarity of English and Chinese  102-103
Appendix N Raw and Mean Scores of English Pronunciation Test  103-105
Appendix O Data for Two-way Between-subjects ANOVA  105-106
Appendix P Sample Transcript of Subjects' Reading in Pronunciation Test  106-107
Appendix Q Subjects' Raw Scores by Nine Interlocutors for English Pronunciation Test  107

混淆效应

内容摘要

全文目录

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