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英语词类转化的认知机制研究-以名词和动词互转为例

作　者: 张智博
导　师: 田延明
学　校: 哈尔滨师范大学
专　业: 外国语言学及应用语言学
关键词: 英语词类转化名词转化为动词动词转化为名词认知机制
分类号: H314
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2013年
下　载: 43次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

词类转化现象广泛存在于不同文体之中，所以这一语言现象在社会生活中扮演着很重要的角色。就此，国内外的学者分别从传统的构词法角度以及理据层面对词类转化进行了研究。虽然这些层面的研究对英语词类转化都有着指导性的作用，但目前国内外对英语词类转化的研究主要集中在对语言现象本质以及英汉对比的研究上，完整而深入地去界定英语词类转化的研究以及对其成因等更深层认知机制研究做的都比较少。因此，从认知角度对英语词类转化进行研究是对英语词类转化的一种补充，同时也是英语词类转化研究的一个发展趋势。目前为止，在相关的认知研究当中,学者们有借助认知语言学领域的隐喻、转喻理论从认知机制角度研究英语词类转化。在以往研究的基础上，本论文将采取定性分析、理论与实践结合的研究方法从认知语言学领域中的识解操作、构式、范畴化、非范畴化理论等角度对英语词类转化中的名动互转进行较为系统地解读。本论文大体分为六章：第一章，主要介绍了该论文的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义、研究方法和研究创新。第二章，论文的文献综述部分，简要介绍目前国内外词类转化以及名动互转的研究现状、进展、成果、存在的不足等。第三章，论文的理论基础部分，主要论述了词类转化的定义、现代英语中词类转化的主要类型、认知语言学中的词类转化，同时阐述了认知语言学中分析词类转化的基本概念。第四章和第五章是本论文的主体部分，也是本论文的创新点之所在。第四章，首先，概括了名词动词的原型特征。名词的主要属性是它表示具体的事物，可以有单复数变化，可以有前置修饰成分等；动词的主要属性是能够充分体现人称、时态、体态、情态和语态等各种语法特征。其次，论述了名词和动词在原型上的对立性和相似性；然后根据其相似性，本文建立了一个简单的名词动词环形连续统以阐释名词和动词在这一连续统中是首尾相连的——这便是名动互转得以发生的理据之一。同时第四章也研究了非范畴化视角下的名动互转，在互转过程中实现了名词和动词属性的变化。第五章，首先将名动互转进行分类；接着提出名动互转认知机制以及分析名动互转这一语言现象。通过研究发现，名词转化为动词经历了图形或凸显内容增加的过程，以及从整体扫描到序列扫描、凸显事体到凸显过程的转变。动词转化为名词经历了从凸显过程到凸显事体的转变。从语义上来说，名动互转在不同的构式中凸显了基本概念内容的不同部分。同时，该论文认为名动互含理论为名动互转提供了一个共同的语义基础，该语义基础是名动互转得以发生的理据之二。第六章，主要介绍本论文的研究成果，研究局限。本项研究认为英语词类转化的认知机制研究会对今后词汇教学和英语学习有一定的促进作用。

全文目录

摘要  9-11
Abstract  11-14
Chapter 1 Introduction  14-18
  1.1 Research Background  14-15
  1.2 Purpose, Significance, Method of the Research  15-16
  1.3 The Innovation Points of this Research  16-18
Chapter 2 Literature Review  18-30
  2.1 Previous Researches on the Conversion between the Parts of Speech and Their Limitations  18-21
    2.1.1 Previous Researches on the Conversion between the Parts of Speech  18-21
    2.1.2 Limitations of the Previous Researches on the Conversion between the Parts of Speech  21
  2.2 Previous Researches on the Conversion between Nouns and Verbs and Their Limitations  21-30
    2.2.1 Previous Researches on the Noun-to-Verb Conversion  21-25
    2.2.2 Previous Researches on the Verb-to-Noun Conversion  25-28
    2.2.3 Limitations of the Previous Researches on the Conversion between Nouns and Verbs  28-30
Chapter 3 Theoretical Principle  30-45
  3.1 Parts of Speech and the Conversion between the Parts of Speech  30-33
    3.1.1 The Study on the Parts of Speech  30-32
    3.1.2 The Definition of the Conversion between the Parts of Speech  32-33
  3.2 Main Types of the Conversion between the Parts of Speech in Current English  33-36
  3.3 Conversion between the Parts of Speech within Cognitive Linguistics  36-45
    3.3.1 The Classification of Parts of Speech within Cognitive Linguistic  36-39
    3.3.2 Basic Notions for the Analysis of the Conversion between Parts of Speech within Cognitive Linguistic  39-45
Chapter 4 The Cognitive Approach of the English Nouns and Verbs  45-67
  4.1 Nouns and Verbs from the Perspective of Experimental View  45-55
    4.1.1 The Importance of Human Categorization  45-46
    4.1.2 Nouns and Verbs in the Prototype Theory  46-55
  4.2 The Nouns and Verbs on the Basis of Decategorization Theory  55-67
    4.2.1 The Presupposition of the Nouns and Verbs Decategorization  56-57
    4.2.2 The Starting Point of the Nouns and Verbs Decategorization  57-59
    4.2.3 The Motivations of the Nouns and Verbs Decategorization  59-61
    4.2.4 The Means of the Nouns and Verbs Decategorization  61-63
    4.2.5 The Characteristics of the Conversion between Nouns and Verbs  63-67
Chapter 5 The Cognitive Mechanisms of the Conversion between the Nouns and Verbs in English  67-118
  5.1 The Foundation of the Conversion Mechanism between the Nouns and Verbs in English  67-72
    5.1.1 The Dynamic Construal to the Concept  67-69
    5.1.2 Construal Operations and the Conversion between the Nouns and Verbs  69-72
  5.2 The Classifications of the Noun-to-Verb Conversion  72-81
    5.2.1 Locatum Verbs  73-75
    5.2.2 Location Verbs and Duration Verbs  75-76
    5.2.3 Agent Verbs and Experience Verbs  76-77
    5.2.4 Goal and Source Verbs  77-78
    5.2.5 Instrument Verbs  78-80
    5.2.6 Miscellaneous Verbs  80-81
  5.3 The Classifications of the Verb-to-Noun Conversion  81-84
    5.3.1 The Dynamic Verbs Converted to the Nouns  81-82
    5.3.2 The Stative Verbs Converted to the Nouns  82-83
    5.3.3 The Auxiliary Verbs Converted to the Nouns  83-84
  5.4 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Noun-to-Verb Conversion  84-103
    5.4.1 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Locatum Verbs  85-88
    5.4.2 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Location Verbs  88-91
    5.4.3 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Duration Verbs  91-93
    5.4.4 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Agent Verbs  93-95
    5.4.5 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Instrument Verbs  95-98
    5.4.6 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Goal Verbs and the Source Verbs  98-103
  5.5 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Verb-to-Noun Conversion  103-114
    5.5.1 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Activity Verbs Converted to the Nouns  104-106
    5.5.2 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Process Verbs Converted to the Nouns  106-107
    5.5.3 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Momentary Verbs Converted to the Nouns  107-109
    5.5.4 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Transitional Event Verbs Converted to the Nouns  109-111
    5.5.5 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Perception Verbs Converted to the Nouns  111-112
    5.5.6 The Cognitive Mechanism of the Cognition Verbs Converted to the Nouns  112-114
  5.6 The Implication of the Vocabulary Acquisition in English Teaching  114-118
    5.6.1 Fully Activated People’s Encyclopedic Knowledge in English Teaching  115-116
    5.6.2 The Study Strategy of the Vocabulary Acquisition  116-118
Chapter 6 Conclusion  118-121
  6.1 Achievements of the Research  118-119
  6.2 Limitations and Prospects of the Research  119-121
Bibliography  121-125
攻读硕士学位期间所发表的学术论文  125-127
Acknowledgements  127

英语词类转化的认知机制研究-以名词和动词互转为例

内容摘要

全文目录

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