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汉语主题结构及其翻译

作　者: 姚峰
导　师: 吕俊
学　校: 南京师范大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 汉语主题结构英语翻译
分类号: H315.9
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2003年
下　载: 274次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

英汉两种语言属不同的语言类型。汉语属于主题突出语言，而英语属于主语突出语言。对于汉语主题结构的翻译，以往学者有所论述，但是缺乏系统性。尤其在语篇层次上主/述题的衔接方面的论述很少。本文通过探讨汉语和英语主题结构的特点，比较了两种语言在主题结构上的差异，提出了翻译的原则：在汉译英时，当汉语和英语在主题结构上有相同用法时，可采用对应法翻译。当汉语和英语在主题结构上用法不同时，根据英语为主语突出语言的特征，通过增添、调整等手段来恢复句子的主语；如无法识别主语，则可通过其他手段，如被动句。在句子层次提出四种汉语主题结构的英译法：1对应法，因为汉语的主题和述题有时与主语和谓语一致；2增添法，因为汉语中省略现象普遍存在；3调整法，因为汉语中动作方向是从主题到述题；4切分法因为汉语主题和述题有时可有不同的切分，由此产生歧义。最后，从信息结构的角度提出了汉语主题结构在语篇衔接中的三种模式：重复前句中的主题；从前句述题中的某个内容发展为一个新的主题；前句中主题和述题的内容一起产生一个新的主题。

全文目录

Acknowledgements  6-7
前言  7-18
摘要  18-19
Abstract  19-20
Chapter One Chinese Topic Structure  20-28
  1.1 Chinese Topic  20-25
    1.1.1 Xu Liejiong and Langendonen's classification  22
    1.1.2 reciprocal co-reference relationship  22-23
    1.1.3 embedded relationship  23
    1.1.4 typical Chinese-style topic structure  23-24
    1.1.5 sentence paterns of Chinese Topic structures  24
    1.1.6 classification of Chinese subjects  24-25
    1.1.7 Chinese topic subjects without grammatical subjects  25
    1.1.8 recipient topic sentence  25
    1.1.9 mobility of Chinese topic structures  25
  1.2 Relationship Between the Topic and the Comment in the Chinese Language  25-28
    1.2.1 implicit relationships of embedding  25-26
    1.2.2 detached topic-comment relationship  26
    1.2.3 loosly connected topic-comment relationship  26
    1.2.4 semantic expansion of the topic  26
    1.2.5 two contrastive tipics within a sentence  26-27
    1.2.6 means to separate the topic from the comment  27-28
Chapter Two Topic Structure in the English Language  28-31
  2.1 classification of English topics in terms of word order  28
  2.2 classification of English topics in terms of word class  28
  2.3 noun phrase as the topic  28-31
Chapter Three Comparison between Chinese Topic Structures and English Topic Structures  31-33
  3.1 comparison in terms of reversability and irreversability  31
  3.2 comparison in terms of sentence types  31
  3.3 comparison in terms of empty category  31-33
Chapter Four English Translation of Chinese Sentences  33-41
  4.1 Corresponding Method  34-35
    4.1.1 Case of Unmarked Topic  34-35
    4.1.2 Case of Marked Topic  35
  4.2 Adding Method  35-38
    4.2.1 Adding of the subject or the grammatical subject  36
    4.2.2 Adding of Other Words  36-37
    4.2.3 Adding of Hidden Information  37-38
  4.3 Adjustment Method  38-39
    4.3.1 Adjustment to Syntactic Subject and Object from Chinese Topic Structure  38-39
    4.3.2 Adjustment on Recipient Topic Sentences  39
  4.4 Separating-based Method  39-41
Chapter Five Influence of Topic Structure Cohesion on Translation in the Level of Text  41-43
Conclusion  43-45
Reference  45
Bigliography  45

汉语主题结构及其翻译

内容摘要

全文目录

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