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内向型汉英学习词典的例证策略

作　者: 徐小舒
导　师: 盛培林
学　校: 广东外语外贸大学
专　业: 外国语言学及应用语言学
关键词: 内向型汉英学习词典例证策略输入假设原型理论
分类号: H316
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2009年
下　载: 79次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

内向型汉英学习词典对中国英语学习者来说是非常重要的语言学习辅助工具。例证在内向型学习词典中起着十分重要的作用,主要包括以下六大功能:补充释义、显示词语使用的语境、区分义项、阐明词的语法结构、显示词的典型搭配及指示词语使用的语域或文体。本文尝试调查内向型汉英学习词典的例证策略,试图解决存在的问题以便具体地改善例证策略。例证策略涉及例证的多个方面,如例证的类型、数量、分布、编排及例证中的附加表达。学习者对例证策略的反馈是改进例证策略的出发点和检验标准。因此笔者给94名温州大学非英语专业的学生进行了关于目前汉英学习型词典的例证策略及改进后的例证策略态度的问卷调查。同时笔者还对受试者进行了一次实验以便证明改进后的例证策略所具备的优势。通过关于四部主流内向型汉英词典的案例调查,笔者试图详细分析汉英词典的例证策略,剖析其存在的不足。本文主要的成果在于以下几个方面:1.内向型汉英学习型词典中的例证应该以词目的英语对等词为导向,而不应着眼于汉语词目词。例证应该用于展示英语对等词的语义、语法、语用等相关信息。2.词频相对较低、句法结构复杂、对等度较低的对等词应优先给例。同时用户的参考需求也应作为参考。此外,文化特色词应配给更多的例证,并在汉英词典新增的文化桥模块中统一呈现;3.例证应该关注学习者的编码需求,包括例句结构要简洁,附加表达的分布、配例及数量要合理,例证的编排要符合认知模式,例证类型要合理选择,例证要典型,动词、形容词及介词应多举例。论文提出以输入假设和原型理论作为汉英内项型学习词典例证策略的理论支撑。首先,输入理论要求用户应有足够真实的“i+1”水平的输入才能确保正确的输出,尤其是跨文化知识。其次,原型理论作为范畴理论被应用于词典编纂以便给例证的典型性及附加表达以合理的理论支撑。基于本文的调查和研究,笔者提出了内向型汉英词典例证策略的改进建议。

全文目录

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  5-6
ABSTRACT  6-8
摘要  8-10
CONTENTS  10-13
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS  13-14
LIST OF TABLES  14-15
LIST OF FIGURES  15-16
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION  16-20
  1.1 Rationale for the Present Study  16-17
  1.2 Exemplifications in CELDs for EFL Learners  17-18
    1.2.1 Difference between CELDs for EFL Learners and that for CFL Learners  17
    1.2.2 Specific Features of Exemplifications in CELDs for Chinese EFL Users  17-18
  1.3 Description of the Present Study  18-20
    1.3.1 Research Questions  18
    1.3.2 Data and Methodology  18-19
    1.3.3 Structure of this Thesis  19-20
CHAPTER TWO THE IMPORTANT ROLES OF EXEMPLIFICATIONS IN CELDS  20-28
  2.1 Introduction  20
  2.2 The Essential Function of Examples in LDs—a Literature Review  20-25
    2.2.1 Semantic Perspective  20-23
    2.2.2 Grammatical Perspective  23-24
    2.2.3 Pragmatic Perspective  24-25
  2.3 The Important Roles of Exemplifications in CELDs  25-28
    2.3.1 Manifestation of the Main Features of Equivalents  26
    2.3.2 Disambiguation of Synonymous Alternative Equivalents  26-27
    2.3.3 The Assistant and Expenditure of Interpretation  27-28
CHAPTER THREE PRACTICE OF EXEMPLIFICATION IN EXISTING DICTIONARIES  28-59
  3.1 Survey Study—from Users' Perspective  28-53
    3.1.1 Types of Examples  29-32
    3.1.2 Number of Examples  32-38
    3.1.3 Distribution of Examples  38-40
    3.1.4 Additional Expressions in Examples  40-46
    3.1.5 Typicality of Examples  46-51
    3.1.6 Arrangement of Examples  51-53
  3.2 Case Study—the Defect of the Exemplification Policy in the Present CELDs  53-59
    3.2.1 Case Study of Partial Equivalent  53-56
    3.2.2 Case Study of Absolute Equivalent  56-57
    3.2.3 Case Study of Culture-bound Headwords  57-59
CHAPTER FOUR CONTRIBUTION OF INPUT HYPOTHESIS AND PROTOTYPE THEORY TO EXEMPLIFICATION POLICY  59-73
  4.1 Introduction of Input Hypothesis  59-60
  4.2 Introduction of Prototype Theory  60-62
  4.3 Application of Input Hypothesis and Prototype Theory to Exemplification Policy  62-73
    4.3.1 Input Hypothesis and Distribution of Examples  62-65
    4.3.2 Input Hypothesis,Prototype Theory and Additional Expressions  65-69
    4.3.3 Input Hypothesis,Prototype Theory and Typicality of Examples  69-71
    4.3.4 Input Hypothesis,Prototype Theory and Arrangement of Examples  71-73
CHAPTER FIVE SURVEY OF USERS' REACTIONS TO EXAMPLES  73-76
  5.1 The Aim of Investigation  73
  5.2 The Subjects  73
  5.3 Test Items and Procedure  73-74
  5.4 Findings in Experiment and Questionnaire  74-76
    5.4.1 Students' Reference Tendency to Examples  74
    5.4.2 Students' Attitude towards Equivalent Exemplification  74-75
    5.4.3 Students' Reaction to Additional Expressions  75
    5.4.4 Students' Inclination to Example Arrangement  75-76
CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION  76-81
  6.1 Proposed Features for Example in CELDs  76-80
    6.1.1 Exemplification and Word Frequency  76-77
    6.1.2 The Distribution of Exemplifications  77
    6.1.3 Exemplification and Additional Expressions  77-78
    6.1.4 Exemplification and typicality  78
    6.1.5 Exemplification and Encoding Needs  78-79
    6.1.6 Exemplification Arrangement  79-80
  6.2 Limitation of this Study and Suggestions for Further Research  80-81
REFERENCES  81-84
APPENDICES  84-106
  Appendix A:Questionnaire and Experiment  84-86
  Appendix B:Dictionary leaflet 1  86-90
  Appendix C:Samples of Equivalents  90-92
  Appendix D:Sketch Engine and Multivariate Test  92-94
  Appendix E:List of Tables  94-106
在学期间发表论文清单  106

内向型汉英学习词典的例证策略

内容摘要

全文目录

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