学位论文 > 优秀研究生学位论文题录展示
新闻英语的文体特点及其在翻译方面的应用
作 者: 梁方辉
导 师: 赵安源
学 校: 太原理工大学
专 业: 外国语言学及应用语言学
关键词: 新闻英语 文体特点 英汉翻译
分类号: H315.9
类 型: 硕士论文
年 份: 2006年
下 载: 1092次
引 用: 1次
阅 读: 论文下载
内容摘要
新闻已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。每天人们都能够从报纸,杂志、广播、电视以及互联网中获得各种各样的新闻,其中报纸是历史最为悠久的一种媒介,也是新闻报导的始祖。通过阅读报纸,我们可以接触到各种各样的文章,比如消息,社论、特写、广告等,其中新闻消息占到了报纸报道内容的一半以上。所以本文将针对报纸中新闻消息不同组成部分的词汇,句法等特点进行分析,以及在文体特点应用的基础上对消息的英汉翻译做出探讨。 正如美国著名新闻学家基姆斯·阿里逊所说:“当现代报纸跨越国家和地域的界限并成为世界的公共舆论时,一个国家的大事就会对其他国家产生巨大的影响。”在现代新兴媒介发达的今天,报纸并不逊色于其他媒介,并以它的独特优势传达各国的大事。 对于新闻的定义,各家并无统一说法,但在确定新闻价值的六个要素当面,各家并无多大分歧,而且新闻消息的组成部分也大体相同,分别是标题,导语和正文。新闻标题是整个新闻报道中最引人注目的部分,它的形式,用词、时态、语态、标点及修辞手法的运用都有其自成一家的特点。而导语从初见雏型的倒金字塔结构发展至今已有了十二种不同的形式来吸引读者。正文的写作共有三种形式,分别是倒金字塔结构,金字塔结构以及前两者的混合,可以满足不同报道内容的需要。此外,新闻英语在长期的发展过程中,形成了别具一格的用词及句法特点,也值得作者去探究。
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全文目录
ABSTRACT 4-6 摘要 6-14 CHAPTER ONE:GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF JOURNALISTIC ENGLISH 14-17 1.1 DEFINITION OF NEWS 14 1.2 NEWS VALUES DETERMINERS 14-15 1.2.1 Timeliness 14-15 1.2.2 Significance 15 1.2.3 Proximity 15 1.2.4 Prominence 15 1.2.5 Uniqueness 15 1.2.6 Interest 15 1.3 NEWS CLASSIFICATION AND NEWS STYLES 15-16 1.3.1 News classification 15-16 1.3.2 News styles 16 1.4 SOURCES OF NEWS AND NEWS AGENCIES 16-17 CHAPTER TWO:STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWS HEADLINE 17-42 2.1 FUNCTIONS OF HEADLINE 17-18 2.1.1 Summarizing the news story 17 2.1.2 Arousing the readers' interests 17-18 2.1.3 Beautifying the newspaper page 18 2.1.4 Helping reader evaluate the news 18 2.1.5 Indicating how much importance news has 18 2.2 LEXICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEADLINE 18-24 2.2.1 Preference for midget words 18-19 2.2.2 Wide use of initials or acronyms 19-21 2.2.3 Wide use of shortened words or abbreviations 21-22 2.2.4 Flexible use of coinages or once word 22-23 2.2.5 Flexible use of Vogue words 23-24 2.3 GRAMMATICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEADLINE 24-31 2.3.1 Tenses 24-26 2.3.1.1 The present tense 24-25 2.3.1.2 The future tense 25-26 2.3.1.3 The present progressive tense 26 2.3.2 Omission 26-27 2.3.2.1 Omission of article 26 2.3.2.2 Omission of conjunction of "and" 26-27 2.3.2.3 Omission of personal pronouns 27 2.3.2.4 Omission of the link verb of "to be" 27 2.3.3 Voices 27-28 2.3.4 Punctuations 28-31 2.3.4.1 Comma 28-29 2.3.4.2 Colon 29-30 2.3.4.3 Dash 30 2.3.4.4 Question mark 30-31 2.3.4.5 Quotation mark 31 2.4 FORMATIONS OF HEADLINES 31-38 2.4.1 Column number 32-33 2.4.2 Deck number 33-35 2.4.2.1 One-deck headlines 33 2.4.2.2 Double-deck headlines 33-34 2.4.2.3 Three-deck headlines and four-deck headlines 34-35 2.4.3 Forms of headline 35-38 2.4.3.1 Flush-left head 35-36 2.4.3.2 Cross line or key line 36 2.4.3.3 Drop line or step form line 36 2.4.3.4 Centered head 36-37 2.4.3.5 Inverted pyramid form 37 2.4.3.6 Jump head 37-38 2.5 RHETORICAL FEATURES OF HEADLINES 38-42 2.5.1 Metaphor 38 2.5.2 Pun 38-39 2.5.3 Antithesis 39 2.5.4 Rhyme 39-40 2.5.5 Citation 40-42 2.5.5.1 Technical term 40 2.5.5.2 Allusion 40-41 2.5.5.3 Idiom 41-42 CHAPTER THREE:STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWS LEAD AND BODY 42-59 3.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWS LEAD 42-44 3.1.1 Brief 43 3.1.2 Informative 43 3.1.3 Intriguing 43-44 3.2 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEAD 44-46 3.2.1 Origin of lead 44-45 3.2.2 Development of lead 45-46 3.3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF NEWS LEAD 46-51 3.3.1 Summary lead 46-47 3.3.2 Main-fact lead 47 3.3.3 Direct address lead 47-48 3.3.4 Descriptive lead 48 3.3.5 Quotation lead 48 3.3.6 Suspense lead 48-49 3.3.7 Delayed lead 49 3.3.8 Contrast lead 49-50 3.3.9 Question lead 50 3.3.10 Historical or literary-allusion lead 50 3.3.11 Combined lead 50 3.3.12 Label lead 50-51 3.4 FORMS OF BODY 51-59 3.4.1 Inverted pyramid form 51-54 3.4.2 Pyramid form 54-56 3.4.3 Mixed form of inverted pyramid and pyramid forms 56-59 CHAPTER FOUR:STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWS 59-82 4.1 LEXICAL CHARACTERISTICS 59-72 4.1.1 Metonymy 59-61 4.1.2 Loan word 61-62 4.1.3 Novel word 62-66 4.1.3.1 Novel meanings deriving from old words 62-63 4.1.3.2 New words catalyzed by novel things 63-64 4.1.3.3 New words deriving from old words 64 4.1.3.4 Coinages 64-65 4.1.3.5 Vogue words 65-66 4.1.4 Slang and jargon 66-67 4.1.4.1 Slang 66 4.1.4.2 Jargon 66-67 4.1.5 Fuzzy term 67-70 4.1.5.1 To enhance the report's credibility 68 4.1.5.2 To cater to the reader's reading habits 68 4.1.5.3 To be in conformity with the reporting principle 68-69 4.1.5.4 To make the report alive 69-70 4.1.6 Figurative term 70 4.1.7 Strong verb 70-72 4.2 SYNTACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS 72-82 4.2.1 Flexible use of long and short sentences 72 4.2.2 Omission 72-74 4.2.2.1 Preposition 72-73 4.2.2.2 Conjunction of "that" 73-74 4.2.2.3 Elliptical Clause 74 4.2.3 Active voice and passive voice 74-75 4.2.3.1 Active voice 74 4.2.3.2 Passive voice 74-75 4.2.4 Lack of sequence of tenses 75-76 4.2.5 Frequent use of quotation 76-77 4.2.5.1 Direct quotation 76-77 4.2.5.2 Indirect quotation 77 4.2.5.3 Partial quotation 77 4.2.6 Various forms of pre-modification 77-81 4.2.6.1 Noun phrases 78 4.2.6.2 Verb phrases 78-79 4.2.6.3 Adjective phrases 79 4.2.6.4 Prepositional phrases 79 4.2.6.5 Participle phrases 79-80 4.2.6.6 Other phrases 80 4.2.6.7 Sentences 80-81 4.2.7 Parenthesis 81-82 CHAPTER FIVE:ENGLISH-CHINESE TRANSLATION OF JOURNALISTIC ENGLISH 82-100 5.1 NATURE, CRITERIA AND ESSENTIALS OF CHINESE TRANSLATION OF JOURNALISTIC ENGLISH 82-91 5.1.1 Nature of the translation of journalistic English 83-84 5.1.2 Criteria of the translation of journalistic English 84-85 5.1.3 Essentials of the translation of journalistic English 85-91 5.1.3.1 Culture 85-86 5.1.3.2 Variety in translation 86-91 5.1.3.2.1 Adapted translation 87-90 5.1.3.2.2 Abstract translation 90-91 5.2 ENGLISH-CHINESE TRANSLATION OF HEADLINE AND BODY 91-100 5.2.1 English-Chinese translation of news headline 91-95 5.2.1.1 Literal translation under the interlink of two cultures 92-93 5.2.1.2 Free translation under the differences of two cultures 93-94 5.2.1.3 Addition and transfer under the cultural compensation 94-95 5.2.2 English-Chinese translation of news body 95-100 CHAPTER SIX:CONCLUSION 100-101 BIBLIOGRAPHY 101-103 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 103-104 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录 104
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