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半机构话语中的打断与权势-基于电视栏目《健康之路》的个案研究

作　者: 邱梦颖
导　师: 俞东明
学　校: 上海外国语大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 半机构话语打断权势话轮定量研究定性研究
分类号: H136
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2014年
下　载: 46次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

近年以来,国内有不少研究者将会话分析理论应用到双方参与的电视访谈节目中。研究普遍认为,作为主持人(采访者)打断嘉宾(被采访者)的频次比嘉宾打断主持人的频次更多,反映了主持人在言语上的主导强势地位,而嘉宾处于被动的弱势地位。然而,在三方或更多人参与的谈话类节目中,听话人和说话人的互动情况更为复杂,因而言语打断现象更容易发生。此结论是否也能准确地反映三方参与的谈话类节目中打断与权势的关系?目前,从语言学角度对三方参与会话的中文访谈类节目的研究还不够深入,故作者选取三方参与对话的健康类谈话节目《健康之路》作为个案研究对象,以会话分析和批评性话语分析为理论框架,对该节目会话结构中的话轮转换系统进行定量与定性相结合的研究,旨在深入探讨打断和权势的关系。本文首先以会话分析理论为背景,对语料中的话轮数目、平均话轮长度以及打断频次做出定量的描述性统计,概括出打断在的整体和局部会话结构上的特征,认为话轮数目,平均话轮长度和打断频次三个因素相互关联,对话轮转换起着重要作用。与双方参与的访谈类节目不同,本文不局限于把打断频次作为衡量话语权势的唯一标准,而是认为除打断频次之外,话轮数目和平均话轮长度也是制约权势的重要因素。在此基础上,本文借用批评性话语分析理论,定性地阐释了话轮数目、平均话轮长度和打断频次与权势的关系,指出三者集中体现的表面话语权势分别是社会身份、社会意识和交际关系；而三者集中体现深层话语权势则分别为机构权力、智力(脑力)和交际动力。三者相互联系,都反映了权势与打断的关系,只是体现程度不同。在多方参与的半机构话语中,随着会话的进行,打断现象不可避免地发生。因而权势不是绝对的,而是动态的,它随着打断的发生而产生相对的变化。

全文目录

Acknowledgements  4-5
中文摘要  5-6
Abstract  6-8
Contents  8-13
Chapter One Introduction  13-19
  1.1 Introduction to Road to Health  13
  1.2 Research Objective  13-14
  1.3 Research Rationale  14-15
  1.4 Research Methodology  15-17
    1.4.1 Data Collection  15-17
    1.4.2 Transcription  17
  1.5 Research Questions  17-18
  1.6 Thesis Organization  18-19
Chapter Two Literature Review  19-29
  2.1 Defining Interruptions  19-20
  2.2 The Definitions of Power  20-21
  2.3 Prior Research on Interruption and Power  21-29
    2.3.1 Interruption and Power in Dramatic Discourse  22
    2.3.2 Interruption and Power in Oral Discourse  22-29
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework  29-38
  3.1 Conversation Analysis  29-33
    3.1.1 A Brief Overview of Conversation Analysis  29-30
    3.1.2 Transcribing Conversation  30
    3.1.3 Turn-Taking in Conversation  30
    3.1.4 Turn Constructional Units  30-32
    3.1.5 Transitional Relevance Place and Interruption  32-33
  3.2 Critical Discourse Analysis  33-36
    3.2.1 An Overview of Critical Discourse Analysis  33
    3.2.2 Discourse Types  33-34
    3.2.3 The CDA Framework for the Present Study  34-35
    3.2.4 CDA and Power  35-36
  3.3 A Combination of CA and CDA as Theoretical Framework  36-38
Chapter Four Methodology  38-51
  4.1 Classification of Interruptions for the Present Study  38-48
    4.1.1 Linguistic Interruptions  39-45
    4.1.2 Non-Interruptive Overlappings  45-48
  4.2 Coding System for Turn-Taking Constraints  48-51
    4.2.1 Turn Size (Turn Length)  48-49
    4.2.2 Interruption Frequency and Turn Quantity  49-51
Chapter Five Analyses of Interruption and Power in Road to Health  51-80
  5.1 Statistical Report on Turn Quantity, Turn Size and Interruption Frequency  51-62
    5.1.1 Turn Quantity  51-52
    5.1.2 Turn Size  52-55
    5.1.3 Interruptions:The Linguistic Interruption and the Non-Interruptive Overlapping  55-62
  5.2 Conversation Analysis of Road to Health  62-69
    5.2.1 Interruptions in the Overall Structure of Turn-Taking  62-66
    5.2.2 Interruptions in the Local Structure of Turn-Taking  66-69
  5.3 Critical Discourse Analysis of Road to Health  69-80
    5.3.1 A CDA Interpretation for the Present Study  69-75
    5.3.2 How Turn Quantity, Average Turn Size and Interruption Frequency Interrelate with Power  75-80
Chapter Six Conclusion  80-89
  6.1 Major Findings  80-83
    6.1.1 Answer to Research Question One  80
    6.1.2 Answer to Research Question Two  80-81
    6.1.3 Answer to Research Question Three  81-83
  6.2 Significance  83-85
  6.3 Implications  85
  6.4 Limitations  85-86
    6.4.1 Random Sampling  85
    6.4.2 Transcription  85-86
    6.4.3 Gender Inconsistency  86
  6.5 Future Agenda  86-89
    6.5.1 Interruption in the Overall Structure of Turn-Taking  86-87
    6.5.2 Interruptions in the Local Structure of Turn-Taking  87
    6.5.3 Gender and Other Aspects  87-89
References  89-99
Appendix 1: Transcription Conventions  99-101
Appendix 2: Transcription Sample  101-115
Appendix 3: Guest's (with Gender Difference) Frequency  115-118

半机构话语中的打断与权势-基于电视栏目《健康之路》的个案研究

内容摘要

全文目录

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