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语境对心理词汇意义提取的制约研究

作　者: 徐宁
导　师: 段翠霞
学　校: 长春理工大学
专　业: 外国语言学及应用语言学
关键词: 语境语境制约心理词汇选择提取
分类号: H030
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2008年
下　载: 220次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

心理词汇是看不见摸不着的。它是词汇在大脑中的组织结构。每个人大脑中的词汇都是这样存储的。在人们试图理解词汇的意义过程中,大脑会搜寻意义的特质来感知意义,理解意义。在交际过程中,人们说话的正常语速约每分钟125-180个词,这意味着听话人和说话人每秒钟需要提取2-3个词。那么心理词汇的提取需要和语境结合起来,因为多数词是多义词。所以在日常交际中,词汇意义感知要结合语境才能将合适的词义提取出来。因此,话语的理解依赖于语境,这个议题的研究仍是热点。本文分别从心理语言学理论和语用学理论角度分析研究了语境对意义选择的制约作用。语境制约了意义的选择和意义的理解。在理解意义的过程中,语境是若干个假设,这些假设决定了意义是如何被选择和解释的。本文对语境的制约作用进行更深层次的研究,一方面,讨论了语境如何在心理过程中制约了意义的选择;另一方面,分析了意义的心理概念在语境的影响下是如何变化的。恰当的选择语境才能选择恰当的意义。经过分析研究之后,本文最后得出结论,语境制约对于深入研究意义的产生和意义的感知有着重要作用,也对语境中教授词汇具有很好的指导意义。

全文目录

Abstract  6-7
摘要  7-11
Chapter One Introduction  11-14
Chapter Two Theoretical Review on Context Studies  14-20
  2.1 The Concept of Context  14
  2.2 Origin and Development of Context  14-18
    2.2.1 Static Studies on Context  14-16
    2.2.2 Dynamic Studies on Context  16-18
  2.3 The Functions of Context  18-20
    2.3.1 Restrictive Function  18-19
    2.3.2 Interpretive Function  19-20
Chapter Three Mental Lexicon  20-31
  3.1 The Notion of Mental Lexicon  20
  3.2 Semantic Representation of Mental Lexicon  20-22
    3.2.1 Relations Between Concept and Word  21-22
      3.2.1.1 One-to-Many Mapping  21-22
      3.2.1.2 Many-to-One Mapping  22
  3.3 Terms Related to Mental Lexicon  22-23
    3.3.1 Lexical Entry  22-23
    3.3.2 Word Frequency  23
  3.4 Models of Mental Lexicon  23-26
    3.4.1 Hierarchical Network Model  23-24
    3.4.2 Spreading Activation Model  24-26
  3.5 Lexical Access to Mental Lexicon  26-31
    3.5.1 Variables That Influence Lexical Access  26-27
    3.5.2 Lexical Access Model  27-31
      3.5.2.1 Serial Search Model  27-28
      3.5.2.2 Parallel Access Model  28-31
Chapter Four Contextual Constraints Review and Theoretical Framework  31-38
  4.1 Contribution of Contextual Constraints on Semantic Selection  31-34
    4.1.1 Psychological Contribution  31-33
      4.1.1.1 Semantic Perception of Lexicon  31-32
      4.1.1.2 Cognitive Contextual Effect  32-33
    4.1.2 Pragmatic Contribution  33-34
  4.2 Theoretical Framework of Semantic Comprehension  34-38
    4.2.1Psychological Basis  34-36
      4.2.1.1 The Connectionism  34-35
      4.2.1.2 Featural Model Versus Prototype Model  35-36
    4.2.2 Pragmatic Basis——Relevance Theory  36-38
Chapter Five Embodiment of Context-dependent Lexical Comprehension  38-46
  5.1 Lexical Comprehension in Context  38-39
  5.2 Interpretation on Contextual Constraints  39
  5.3 Contextual Constraints on Lexical Comprehension with Psychological Approach  39-43
    5.3.1 Context-dependent Mapping Between Words and Concepts  39-40
    5.3.2 Context-dependent Lexical Access  40-42
    5.3.3 Context-dependent Semantic Process  42-43
  5.4 Contextual Constraints on Lexical Comprehension with Pragmatic Approach  43-46
    5.4.1 Relevance and Meaning Comprehension  43-44
    5.4.2 Context-dependent Meaning of Relevance  44-46
Chapter Six Analysis of Contextual Constraints on Meaning Retrieval of Lexicon  46-54
  6.1 Features of Meaning Selection in Context  46-48
    6.1.1 Role of Tendency in Defining the Meaning  46-47
    6.1.2 Relativity of Contextual Constraints  47
    6.1.3 Meaning Embodiment  47-48
    6.1.4 Featural Role on Lexical Meaning  48
  6.2 Patterns of Meaning Selection  48-50
    6.2.1 Loosening of the Meaning  49
    6.2.2 Narrowing of the Meaning  49-50
  6.3 Contextual Constraints on Meaning Selection  50-52
    6.3.1 Psychological Context  50-51
    6.3.2 Mental Prediction  51
    6.3.3 Contextual Constraints on Word Recognition  51-52
  6.4 Contextual Constraints on Prototype Recognition  52-54
Chapter Seven Implications for Teaching—Prototype Versus Peripheral Concept  54-60
  7.1 Findings for Vocabulary Teaching  54-55
  7.2 Strategies of Teaching Vocabulary in Context  55-60
    7.2.1 Contextual Prediction  56
    7.2.2 Construction of Coherence Between Prototype Meaning and Peripheral Meaning  56-57
    7.2.3 Prototype Activation  57-58
    7.2.4 Embodiment of Semantic Representation  58-60
Chapter Eight Conclusion  60-62
Bibliography  62-66
Acknowledgements  66

语境对心理词汇意义提取的制约研究

内容摘要

全文目录

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