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音乐音高处理与外语语调模仿

作　者: 董笛
导　师: 耶鲁安
学　校: 上海外国语大学
专　业: 英语语言文学
关键词: 音高处理语调模仿跨语言实验跨次比较
分类号: H014
类　型: 硕士论文
年　份: 2014年
下　载: 28次
引　用: 0次
阅　读: 论文下载

内容摘要

关于音乐与语言的相似与不同之处的研究和争论由来已久。本文重点探究在何种程度上音乐音高处理能力与语言语调处理（尤其是模仿）能力相关。本文第一章介绍关于音乐与语言关系的三种不同观点以及那些有助于理解音乐和语言关系的研究成果。第二章是对以往研究的综述，重点评介它们在被试选择、操作定义、音乐能力测试、语言测试方面的优缺点，为本研究的实验设计做准备。第三章提出了本文的三个研究问题：（1）拥有较好音高处理能力的被试在模仿陌生外语语调时是否有优势？（2）拥有较好音高处理能力的被试模仿外语语调时是否在初始与经过三次重复后都具有优势？（3）拥有较好音高处理能力的被试经过三次重复，其语调是否总体上比其余被试获得更大进步？第三章的实验中运用了两项音高感知测试，一项自行设计的音高产出测试和另一项自行设计的外语模仿测试来采集数据。第四章中运用Goldwave和Praat软件对录音进行预处理，并在此基础上用SPSS软件进行数据分析。第五章给出结论并讨论不足和今后研究中可采取的改进方法。通过考察被试外语语调模仿表现和音乐音高处理能力的相关性，本文发现拥有较好音高处理能力的被试在熟悉外语（英语）和陌生外语（泰语）的语调模仿方面总体上均具有优势。三项音高处理能力中，精细音高方向检测能力与英语、泰语语调模仿能力均无显著相关，而音高变化检测能力与泰语模仿能力显著相关，音高产出能力与英语模仿能力显著相关，与泰语模仿能力轻微相关。对各被试各次模仿与音乐音高处理能力的相关性考察发现，音高变化检测能力较强的被试在泰语第一次模仿的表现并不突出，但在第四次模仿时有较好表现。音高产出能力较强的被试在英语初次模仿中就具有优势，并将此优势保持至第四次模仿。由此引发一项有趣的发现，即音高变化检测能力似乎对陌生外语语调模仿更有帮助，而音高产出能力似乎对熟悉外语语调模仿更有帮助。尚未有研究进行类似的跨语言以及跨次的模仿研究。尽管本研究尚不成熟，其研究结论也可能具有一定风险，但是探究未知领域的过程既有趣也令人鼓舞。本文若能为今后的相关研究提供一点灵感，作者即感到无比欣慰。

全文目录

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  4-5
摘要  5-6
Abstract  6-11
Chapter 1 Introduction  11-20
  1.1 Language and Music: History and Three Different Viewpoints  11-12
  1.2 Shared Processing of Language and Music  12-16
    1.2.1 Music and Early Language Acquisition  12-13
    1.2.2 Linked Deficits between Language and Music  13-16
  1.3 Two Distinct Processing Modules for Speech and Music  16-18
  1.4 A Cautious Stand on Drawing Strong Connections  18-19
  1.5 The Theoretical Basis of the Current Study  19-20
Chapter 2 A Review of Previous Studies  20-32
  2.1 Participants in Previous Studies  20-21
  2.2 The Operational Definition in Previous Studies  21-22
  2.3 Tests for Musical Abilities in Previous Studies  22-25
    2.3.1 Standardized Receptive Tests for Musical Aptitude  22-24
    2.3.2 Self-designed Productive Tests for Musical Aptitude  24-25
  2.4 Tests for Language Abilities in Previous Studies  25-32
    2.4.1 Self-designed Receptive Tests for Language Abilities  25-27
    2.4.2 Self-designed Productive Tests for Language Abilities  27-30
    2.4.3 A summary of Deficiencies in Self-designed Tests for Language Abilities  30-32
Chapter 3 Research Design of the Current Study  32-45
  3.1 Research Questions  32-33
  3.2 Participants  33-34
  3.3 Apparatus  34-35
  3.4 The Pitch Processing Experiments  35-37
    3.4.1 The Pitch Perception Tests  35-36
    3.4.2 The Pitch Production Test  36-37
  3.5 The Foreign Language Intonation Imitation Experiment  37-41
    3.5.1 Suprasegmental Features of Language: Pitch, Tone, and Intonation  37-39
    3.5.2 The Choice of English and Thai Stimuli  39-41
  3.6 The Procedure of the Experiments  41-44
    3.6.1 Instructions and Warming up  41-42
    3.6.2 Experiment 1: The Foreign Language Intonation Imitation Experiment  42
    3.6.3 Experiment 2: The Pitch Production Test  42
    3.6.4 Experiment 3: The Pitch Perception Tests  42-43
    3.6.5 An Investigation into Participants’ Musical Background  43-44
  3.7 Summary  44-45
Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Results  45-64
  4.1 Initial Processing of Collected Recordings  45-47
  4.2 Results of the Pitch Perception Tests and the Pitch Production Test  47-51
    4.2.1 The Result of the Tonedeaf Test and the Result of the Adaptive Pitch Test  48-49
    4.2.2 The Result of the Pitch Production Test  49-51
  4.3 Results of the Foreign Language Intonation Imitation Experiment  51-59
    4.3.1 The Pearson Correlation Coefficients of Participants’Imitations  51-53
    4.3.2 Pitch Processing Abilities and Foreign Language Intonation Imitation Ability  53-55
    4.3.3 Pitch Processing Abilities，Trial 1s and Trial 4s  55-58
    4.3.4 Pitch Processing Abilities and Short-term Improvement  58-59
  4.4 Summary and General Discussion  59-64
    4.4.1 About the Findings in Section 4.3.2  60-61
    4.4.2 About the Findings in Section 4.3.3  61-62
    4.4.3 About the Findings in Section 4.3.4  62-63
    4.4.4 About the Answers to the Questionnaire  63-64
Chapter 5 Conclusion  64-67
  5.1 Findings  64-65
  5.2 Limitations, and Suggestions for Future Work  65-67
References  67-72
Appendixes  72-78
  Appendix A  72-73
  Appendix B  73-76
  Appendix C  76-77
  Appendix D  77-78

音乐音高处理与外语语调模仿

内容摘要

全文目录

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